Mildronat is a popular means of a wide range of bracing effects. It improves metabolic processes inside tissues and can be used to treat various types of diseases in which there is an insufficient supply of cells with nutrients and the accumulation of harmful decomposition products in them.
Description
Mildronat, more precisely, its active ingredient, meldonium, was synthesized in the late 1970s. in Latvia. Initially, Mildronat was used only as a veterinary agent, allowing to accelerate the growth of farm animals. However, after the discovery of his cardioprotective agents, Mildronat became widely used as a drug.
Currently, Mildronat is used to treat various cardiovascular diseases, to correct conditions of excessive physical and mental exhaustion. It is prescribed to athletes to restore physical strength.
Mildronat’s main areas of action:
- antioxidant,
- antianginal,
- cardioprotective,
- neuroprotective,
- antihypoxic.
In general, Mildronat has a positive effect on the organism, which is expressed by in improving performance, reducing overvoltage, both mental and physical. Also, the drug increases the level of humoral and cellular immunity.
Mechanism of Action
The active ingredient of Mildronat is an analogue of gamma-butyrobetaine, a substance found in any cell of the body. This substance has inhibitory properties against carnitine, which is responsible for the transport of fatty acids into the cell. Carnitine usually performs a useful function in cells, but in the case when a cell suffers from a lack of oxygen, it can form harmful compounds, in particular, non-oxidized fatty acids, due to the activity of this enzyme. Meldonium slows down this process and allows cells to restore impaired metabolism.
This feature of Mildronat is especially important for myocardial cells that are under increased stress and lack oxygen supply. In case of myocardial dysfunction, meldonium improves the metabolism of its cells. In addition, meldonium restores the biochemical balance in them
The drug, contained in capsules, is rapidly absorbed into the blood and is characterized by a high bioavailability index, reaching 78%. For intravenous administration, the bioavailability index reaches 100%.
Reviews of patients on the drug are mostly positive. Most of them say that the drug belongs to the category of the most effective means, the absence of side effects and an affordable price.
Indications
Mildronat is prescribed to patients with the following diseases or conditions:
- ischemic heart disease,
- chronic heart failure,
- dyshormonal cardiomyopathy,
- pre-infarction state,
- myocardial infarction,
- acute cerebrovascular accident,
- cerebrovascular insufficiency,
- withdrawal syndrome
- retinal or vitreous hemorrhage,
- dyscirculatory encephalopathy,
- peripheral artery disease,
- bronchial asthma,
- diabetic and hypertensive retinopathy,
- depletion of the body.
The drug is used to prevent deterioration of patients, and not for the treatment of diseases that are in the acute stage. The drug in pathologies of the myocardium slows the progression of the disease and its transition into a severe form, with heart failure – increases the resistance of the body to adverse external factors.
Also, Mildronat is effective when a person needs to recover from active physical activity, or increase resistance to them. Athletes are encouraged to use the drug to recuperate between workouts.
In addition, Mildronat restores the blood supply to the retina of the eye and reduces the degree of retinopathy, improves the patient’s condition in the event of a violation of cerebral circulation. Mildronat is applied and in the treatment of alcoholism, in particular, as a means of reducing the negative symptoms of damage to the nervous system during withdrawal syndrome.
Use of the drug for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases
In people with pathological myocardial damage, heart failure, the drug is used to improve the metabolism of heart muscle cells. The cardioprotective effect of Mildronat in the treatment of coronary artery disease and the effects of heart attacks is the following effects:
- increase in tolerance of the heart muscle to stress,
- necrosis reduction,
- improved blood circulation in the affected area,
- reduction in the duration of the rehabilitation period.
In patients suffering from chronic heart disease, the drug is able to reduce the incidence of angina attacks. Also, the drug, as indicated in the instructions, increases the strength of contractions of the heart muscle and the power of cardiac output. With regular use, Mildronat slows down the rate of pathological processes occurring in the myocardium.
Release form
Mildronat is usually available in capsule form in dosages of 250 and 500 mg of meldonium. Capsule packaging may contain 20, 40 or 60 units. Sometimes capsules are incorrectly called pills, but in fact, Mildronat tablets do not exist. Also available syrup for children and solutions for intramuscular and intravenous administration, as well as for parabarbular (eye) administration. A milliliter of Mildronat solution contains 100 mg of meldonium. The solution is supplied in 5 ml ampoules.
The original drug under the name of Mildronat is a drug that is produced only in Latvia. Also on the market you can find a lot of generics containing meldonium, but they usually have other names.
Contraindications
Mildronat has some contraindications. It is not allowed to take only the following categories of patients:
- women during pregnancy,
- for nursing mothers,
- to persons under 18,
- suffering from increased intracranial pressure.
Persons with severe forms of kidney disease when taking Mildronat should be careful. The same applies to patients with liver disease. In such cases, the drug is recommended only after consulting a doctor.
Mildronat is also used with caution in the treatment of people who are prone to allergic reactions. Since there is insufficient data on the safety of Mildronat for children, taking the drug by patients under 18 years of age is also contraindicated.
Side Effects
The drug is usually well tolerated by patients. However, side effects may occur when taking Mildronat, and you need to be prepared for this. Major adverse events include:
- disorders of the gastrointestinal tract (nausea, dyspepsia, heaviness in the abdomen),
- headaches,
- blood pressure jumps,
- tachycardia,
- psychomotor agitation,
- swelling,
- allergic reactions.
The drug does not affect the reaction rate, so its simultaneous use and driving vehicles is acceptable.
Instructions for use
The dosage and duration of Mildronat treatment must be appointed by a doctor. It depends on the patient’s condition and the type of disease. The usual dosage applicable in most cases is two capsules of 250 mg twice a day. The drug is usually used in long courses of treatment lasting several weeks or months.
When treating heart failure and cardiovascular diseases, Mildronat should be taken in capsules in a daily dose of 0.5–1 g. The recommended duration of administration is 1–1.5 months.
For cardialgia caused by dyshormonal cardiomyopathy, the drug is taken once a day, 500 mg. In acute forms of cardiovascular diseases, the drug can be used intravenously. Dosage 500 mg 2 times a day. The course of treatment is 1-1.5 months.
For retinopathy and circulatory disorders of the retina, the drug is applied to the eyeball. To do this, use 0.5 ml of a solution with a concentration of 100 mg / ml. The course of treatment is 10 days.
In acute cerebrovascular accident, the drug is administered intravenously. Dose – 500 mg once a day, the duration of the Mildronat injection course – 10 days. After that, patients switch to taking the drug in capsules of 0.5-1 g. The total duration of the course of treatment in this case is also 1-1.5 months.
When treating the chronic form of acute cerebral circulation, Mildronat is prescribed at a dose of 0.5–1 mg per day for 1–1.5 months. Courses can be repeated 2-3 times a year.
To recuperate after mental and physical activity, the drug is taken 250 mg 4 times a day for 2 weeks. In this case, you can also use injections of Mildronat – 500 mg once a day for 2 weeks.
In the treatment of chronic alcoholism, the drug is used at a dosage of 500 mg and is taken 4 times a day. The duration of treatment is 1-1.5 weeks.
For intravenous administration of the drug in this case, two injections are made at 500 mg for 1-1.5 weeks.
When administered intravenously, the drug should not be mixed with other drugs. Intramuscular administration of the drug is not supported by instructions. This is due to the fact that local pain and allergic reactions are possible when injected into muscles.
It is recommended to take the drug in the morning to avoid the side reaction of excitation of the nervous system.
The maximum permissible daily dose for the drug in capsules, according to the instructions – 2 g.
Interaction with other drugs and substances
The drug is well combined with most other drugs (diuretics, anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, bronchodilators, etc.), which makes it possible to use it as part of complex therapy of various diseases. Mildronat enhances the action of cardiac glycosides, alpha-adrenobokatorov, nifedipine, nitroglycerin and some other antihypertensive drugs. Therefore, care must be taken when administering Mildronat together with these drugs, as this may lead to the development of side effects such as a strong drop in pressure and tachycardia.
Simultaneous intake of alcohol with Mildronat is allowed. Although it must be borne in mind that this combination can negate the entire therapeutic effect of the drug.
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